Although fields such as computer programming and mechanical engineering are generally considered STEM fields, there is less consensus on areas such as medicine, architecture, science education, social sciences, and blue-collar manufacturing work.
Depending on the definition, the size of the STEM workforce can range from 5 percent to 20 percent of all U.S. We evaluate these interviews by means of labor market data and scholarly work so as to understand better, from a recruiter’s perspective, the hiring needs of employers and the hiring difficulties encountered by STEM workers.
4 To augment our findings, we interviewed company recruiters from a wide range of industries in order to gauge the ability of employers to fill open positions. Using a “taxicab queuing model” as a framing metaphor, this article examines the heterogeneous nature of STEM occupations by studying distinct STEM disciplines and employment sectors on the basis of current literature and statistical data, as well as anecdotal evidence from newspapers. Although many studies have examined the science and engineering workforce in the aggregate, 3 little analysis has been aimed at identifying specific areas of STEM worker shortage or surplus. Some occupations have a shortage of qualified talent, such as nuclear and electrical engineering Ph.D.’s who are U.S. citizens in other areas, such as biology Ph.D.’s aiming to become professors, there is a surplus. STEM covers a diverse array of occupations, from mathematicians to biomedical researchers, and at degree levels from bachelor to Ph.D. Opposing sides paint a polarizing picture: Is there a “STEM crisis” or a “STEM surplus”? Our answer is that there are both. Over the past decade, there has been substantial concern regarding the adequacy of the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) workforce. Unemployment rates within STEM fields…are often higher than they’ve been in years-a sign that there is a shortage of jobs, not workers.-Michael Anft 2 will produce at the current rate over the next decade if the country is to retain its historical preeminence in science and technology.-President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology 1 Economic projections point to a need for approximately 1 million more STEM professionals than the U.S.
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